Oneness Pentecoslism
Other Beliefs of Oneness Theology:
Besides rejecting the doctrine of the Trinity, Oneness theology holds to some other interesting beliefs. Acts 2:38 is used by the UPCI to teach that the “plan of salvation” and correct “formula” for baptism should be in the name of “Jesus only.”
[1] They claim that the historic formula used by the church is incorrect and unscriptural. Bernard says, “All biblical references to the baptismal formula, including Matthew 28:19, describe the name Jesus… a formula must include the name Jesus, not… recite the Lord's verbal instructions.”
[2] They also believe that speaking in tongues is essential for the salvation of a believer. In the New Birth Bernard says, “Do tongues always accompany the baptism of the Spirit? The Book of Acts indicates this to be so… A Spirit baptism without tongues is a nonbiblical (sic) concept… We should always expect… tongues when someone receives… the Holy Ghost.”
[3]
The Riddle of T.D. Jakes.
Recently many Oneness believers have received prominent status in the evangelical church.
[4] The most prominent has been T.D. Jakes.
[5] Jakes, the Senior Pastor of the Potter’s House, has admitted to Oneness roots in his theological upbringing and continues to associate with Oneness believers today. Jakes has said, “I was raised Baptist and became Pentecostal 26 years ago at a Greater Emmanuel Apostolic Church… and have continued to fellowship with Higher Ground Always Abounding Assemblies.”
[6] When pressed to explain his understanding of the nature of God, Jakes said in a radio interview, “We have one God, but He is Father in creation, Son in redemption, and Holy Spirit in regeneration.”
[7] The Potter’s House website explains, “There is one God, Creator of all things, infinitely perfect, and eternally existing in three Manifestations: Father, Son, and Holy Spirit.”
[8] So while Jakes might want to ride the theological fence, it seems clear that his theology is shaped by the Oneness views and he will not disassociate himself from them or renounce the theological error of the movement.
Conclusion:
It would appear that Modalistic Monarchianism, “Jesus Only”, or Oneness has plagued the Church from the beginning and has been found to be a heretical model of the nature of God. Ankerberg and Weldon says, “Those who argue the ‘Oneness Pentecostals’ are ‘Christian brothers’ need to explain why the church has consistently denied this… Modern commentators have agreed with their ancient brethren… [labeling] such teaching ‘heresy.’”
[9] While that might be an extreme statement, placing the entire movement outside of the Body of Christ, it is fair to say that theology historically has been judged heretical but the salvation of individual believers is not for Evangelicals to decide.
Next some Christian responses to Oneness theology.
Helpful Resources:
1. Oneness Pentecostals and the Trinity by Gregory A. Boyd.
2. Charts of the Cults, Sects, and Religious Movements by H. Wayne House.
3. “Jesus Only” Churches by E. Calvin Beisner.
4. A Definitive Look at Oneness Theology: Defending the Tri-Unity of God by Edward L. Dalcour (The best book on the subject so far. It was not published whe I wrote this paper.)
Questions to Ponder:
1. Does the Oneness position on the nature of God lend itself to errors in other areas of theology, such as soteriology and eschatology?
2. Should the rejection of various Oneness theologies in the history of the church persuade us to reject modern Oneness theology?
3. Can the belief that Jesus is God the Father and Holy Spirit be reconciled with biblical revelation?
Devotional thought:
Take a moment during to day to thank God for His self revelation of His nature and the beauty that it lends to the salvation message knowing that foreknowledge of the Father, the sacrifice of the Son, and the indwelling of the Spirit secure our salvation. Sola Deo Gloria.
As we approach the believer in Oneness theology remember that this is a person that God has died for and we should pray that the Spirit of God will give us words of comfort and encouragement as we dialog. The Bible says to speak the truth but it also says to do that in an attitude of love. If you know that you are going to be speaking with a Oneness believer, pray before during and after the conversation. If there is an unexpected conversation, listen as much as possible and afterwards pray that God would use the situation to bring him glory as you witness about the true biblical nature of God. Sola Deo Gloria.
Bibliography
Ankerberg, John, and John Weldon. Encyclopedia of Cults and New Religions. Eugene, Or: Harvest House Publishers, 1990.
Beisner, E. Calvin. "Jesus Only" Churches Zondervan Guide to Cults and Religious Movements, ed. Alan W. Gomes. Grand Rapids, Mi: Zondervan, 1998.
Bernard, David K. The Oneness of God. Vol. 1 Series in Pentecostal Theology, ed. David K. Bernard and Loretta A. Bernard. Hazelwood, MO: Word Aflame Press, 1983.
________. The New Birth [book on-line]. Hazlewood, Mo: Word Aflame Press, N/A 1984, accessed March 17 2005; Available from
http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/pentecostal/New-Top.htm.
________. Oneness and Trinity, A.D. 100-300: The Doctrine of God in Ancient Christian Writings. Hazlewood, Mo.: Word Aflame Press, 1991.
Biema, David Van. "Spirit Raiser." Time, September 17 2001, N/A.
Boyd, Gregory A. Oneness Pentecostals and the Trinity. Grand Rapids MI: Baker Book House, 1992.
Buckner, Jerry L. "The Man, His Ministry, and His Movement:
Concerns About the Teachings of T. D. Jakes." Christian Research Journal 22, no. 2 (1999): n/a.
Grudem, Wayne. Systematic Theology. Grand Rapids, Mi: Zondervan, 1994.
Hollenweger, W. J. The Pentecostals: The Charismatic Movement in the Churches. Minneapolis, Mn: Augsburg Publishing House, 1972.
House, H. Wayne. United Pentecostal Church Charts of Cults, Sects, and Religious Movements. Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing House, 2000.
Reed, David A. Oneness Pentecostalism The New International Dictionary of Pentecostal and Charismatic Movements, ed. Stanley M. Burgess. Grand Rapids, Mi: Zondervan, 2002.
[1] See also Acts 8:12, 16; 10:48; 19:5; 22:16; Romans 6:4. In Oneness theology, the order of the commands, in the English text, is “the plan of salvation.” The plan calls for 1. Faith and Repentance. 2. Being baptized by immersion in water, having the phrase, “In Jesus name” spoken over the one being baptized. 3. Having the “Baptism of the Holy Spirit” with the initial evidence of speaking in tongues. See H. Wayne House, United Pentecostal Church, Charts of Cults, Sects, and Religious Movements (Grand Rapids: Zondervan Publishing House, 2000). On page 249.
[2] David K. Bernard, “The New Birth,” online: http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/pentecostal/New-Ch7.htm, accessed 17 March 2005.
[3] David K. Bernard, “The New Birth,” online: http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/ pentecostal/New-Ch7.htm, accessed 17 March 2005. Romans 8:9 say that if one does not have the Holy Spirit one does not belong to Christ, the implication being that person is still unregenerate. In other words, that person is not saved.
[4] Best selling Author Tommy Tenney (The God Chasers) is the son of T.F. Tenney. The elder Tenney has been a District Superintendent in the UPCI. Tommy Tenney claims no association with the UPCI but still will not affirm a Trinitarian model of God. Dove Award winners Phillips, Craig and Dean and Vickie Yohe; and Stellar Award winners Fred Hammond and Tonex are all Oneness believers active in Oneness churches.
[5] David Van Biema, "Spirit Raiser," Time, September 17 2001.The question on the cover asks if Jakes is the next Billy Graham.
[6] Thomas D. Jakes, “My Views on the Godhead,” online: http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2000 /108/13.0.html, accessed 17 March 2005. The term “Apostolic” is often associated with the Oneness movement. The Higher Ground Always Abounding Assemblies (http://www.highergroundaaa.com /home.htm) is an organization of churches from different theological beliefs but they are Oneness at their root. While there is little information about the beliefs of the organization on the website, a writer for the Christian Research Journal contacted the Assembly and spoke with Elder Mike Pearson, who is an instructor at the Higher Ground Bible Institute. Elder Pearson confirmed that the Assembly is Oneness in its beliefs.
[7] Jerry L. Buckner, "The Man, His Ministry, and His Movement:
Concerns About the Teachings of T. D. Jakes," Christian Research Journal 22, no. 2 (1999). This statement is almost identical to the statements of Bernard in the Oneness of God (pg. 142-143).
[8] “Belief Statement,” online: http://www.thepottershouse.org/PH_beliefs.html, accessed Thursday, March 17, 2005.
[9] Ankerberg and Weldon, Encyclopedia of Cults and New Religions, 379-380.